Installation of Linear Shafts
The installation of linear axis requires rigorous operational procedures and specifications to ensure its accuracy and subsequent stable operation, the following are the detailed installation steps and points:
Preliminary preparatory work
Component inspection: carefully check the linear axis, bearings, sliders and all other supporting parts, through visual inspection and simple tools to see whether there are scratches, deformation, cracks and other defects, to avoid the use of problematic parts affecting the quality of the installation.
Clean the surface: Use dust-free cloth and special cleaner to clean the linear axis and the installation surface in depth, remove the residual processing debris, anti-rust oil, dust, etc., to ensure that the installation surface is clean and smooth, laying the foundation for accurate installation.
Tools: Prepare all kinds of installation tools, such as torque wrenches to accurately control the tightening force of bolts, vernier calipers to measure the key dimensions, and micrometers to accurately measure the installation accuracy.
Linear axis installation process
Bracket fixing: According to the design drawings, position the mounting bracket accurately on the foundation of the equipment, use a level meter to assist, and adjust the shims, bolt tightness, etc., to ensure that the bracket mounting surface of the level and verticality of the standard, and then tighten the fixed bolts securely.
Linear axis in place: multiple people work together to lift the linear axis smoothly, align it with the bracket mounting position, and place it slowly. For linear shafts with keyways and other positioning structures, ensure that the positioning structures are accurately embedded to avoid damage to the components caused by forced installation.
Bearing assembly: According to the technical requirements of the linear shaft, adopt suitable installation methods. For example, for bearings with interference fit, the inner ring of the bearing can be heated to make it expand, and then quickly set into the linear axis; after that, the linear axis with the inner ring of the bearing can be installed into the bracket bearing seat to complete the assembly of the outer ring and pay attention to controlling the bearing clearance.
Slider installation: After the linear shaft and bearing are installed, install the slider onto the shaft. Apply appropriate amount of lubricant on the mating surface during installation to ensure that the slider can slide smoothly, and at the same time, ensure the accuracy of the slider's mating with the shaft and bearing.
Precision calibration and debugging
Straightness calibration: Fix the meter on the stable equipment parts, make the meter head lightly touch the surface of the linear axis, slowly move the linear axis, according to the change of the meter reading, fine-tune the position of the bracket or the thickness of the gasket, so that the straightness of the linear axis reaches the specified standard.
Parallelism and Perpendicularity Adjustment: For the parallelism and perpendicularity requirements of the linear axis with other components, use the parallel gauge, right-angle ruler, percentile meter and other tools to measure, and ensure that the precision indexes meet the requirements by precisely adjusting the position of the relevant components.
Lubrication and protection settings
Lubrication: According to the operating conditions of the linear axis, choose the appropriate lubricant or grease. For example, low viscosity lubricant is suitable for high-speed linear axes, while high viscosity grease is suitable for low-speed and heavy-duty ones, and it is evenly applied on the surface of the axes, bearings and sliders.
Protective installation: Install dust cover, shield and other protective devices to ensure that they are well sealed and can effectively block the intrusion of external impurities, while not affecting the normal movement of the linear axis.
Inspection after installation
Comprehensive inspection: Check again whether the components are firmly installed, whether the protective devices are in place, whether the lubrication is sufficient to ensure that there is no omission and improper installation.
Manual test: manually push the moving parts on the linear axis, feel whether the movement is smooth, whether there is any jamming, abnormal noise, and initially judge the installation effect.
Power on test run: Turn on the power of the equipment, let the linear axis run at different speeds and under different load conditions, monitor its running status, observe whether the motor, drive and other work is normal, record the temperature, noise and other parameters, and find abnormalities in a timely manner to stop the machine for troubleshooting.
Cylinder Linear Shaft installation needs to be centered on precision and stability: check the surface condition and straightness of the shaft before installation, and remove impurities; ensure the parallelism with the datum of the equipment when installing, and fix it through the two ends or the middle support to avoid cantilever structure, and tighten the fixing bolts uniformly to prevent the shaft from bending; adopt suitable coordination between the bearing and the shaft, and control the spacing error when installing multiple shafts in parallel; check whether the running resistance is even without jamming or abnormal vibration after installation; fine-tune it if necessary to ensure the operation. After installation, check whether the running resistance is even, no jamming or abnormal vibration, and fine-tune if necessary to ensure normal operation. The core of the system is to control the balance accuracy and stabilize the force to provide a reliable guiding foundation for linear motion.
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